What is meant by classical mythology?

Classical mythology encompasses the legends and myths of ancient Greece and Rome. These stories explain the origin of nature and human moral qualities. The stories of Greek and Roman gods intertwine, influencing today’s language and culture.

What is a classic myth?

A classic myth refers to a traditional story or narrative that has its origins in ancient cultures, especially those of ancient Greece and Rome. These myths often involve gods, goddesses, heroes and supernatural beings, and serve a variety of purposes, such as explaining natural phenomena, customs and the origins of the world.

Classical myths have been passed down from generation to generation and are an integral part of the cultural and religious beliefs of ancient societies. They have also influenced literature, art and philosophy throughout history. Examples of classical myths include the stories of Zeus and the Olympian gods, the adventures of heroes such as Hercules and Perseus, and the myths surrounding the Trojan War.

These myths often reflect the values, beliefs and social norms of the cultures that created them, and continue to be studied and adapted in various forms of media and literature today.

Origins of classical mythology

Classical mythology has its roots in the need to explain the forces and phenomena of nature, as well as the qualities and moral realities of man.

• Greek and Roman myths attempt to make sense of natural events such as storms, river floods and seasonal changes.
• Human characteristics are attributed to natural elements, personifying nature in deities and heroes.

Moral qualities and realities of man

• Myths also seek to reflect the virtues and flaws of humanity, exploring ethical and philosophical issues.
• Through legends and myths, teachings about behavior and the purpose of life are transmitted.

Greek legends and myths

Greek mythology is full of fascinating legends and myths that have endured throughout the centuries, influencing not only ancient, but also contemporary culture. Below, we will explore some of the most remarkable stories of the Greek gods and their intriguing myths:

Greek gods and their myths

• Zeus: The mighty king of the gods, known for his lightning and his dominion over Olympus. His myths are full of epic battles and romances.
• Hera: Queen of the gods and wife of Zeus, with stories of jealousy and revenge against her husband’s mistresses.
• Poseidon: God of the seas and earthquakes, with tales of sea battles and the creation of mythical creatures.
• Athena: Goddess of wisdom and strategic warfare, protagonist of the foundation of Athens and defender of heroes in battles.

Exploring Greek myths

Greek myths are not only fantastic stories, but also convey moral lessons and ethical values. Through the narratives of gods and heroes, aspects of human nature are reflected and universal themes such as love, ambition and destiny are explored.

Roman Mythology

Roman mythology is characterized by its close relationship with Greek mythology, adapting and merging various deities and myths into its own worldview. Roman gods present similar attributes to Greek gods, but with different names and in slightly different contexts.

Relationship between Greek and Roman gods

• In Roman mythology, many gods have equivalences with the Greek gods. For example, Zeus is equated with Jupiter, Hera with Juno, and Aphrodite with Venus.
• This convergence between the two mythologies not only implies a fusion of gods and myths, but also reflects the cultural influence that Greece had on Rome.
• The Romans adopted much of Greek mythology, adapting it to their own religion, thus creating a unique synthesis of mythological characters and heroes.

Influence of mythology on modern culture.

Classical mythology has left a deep imprint on contemporary language and culture, permeating common expressions and technical terms. Words such as ‘herculean’, ‘pandemonium’ or ‘narcissism’ refer us to the heroes and gods of antiquity, enriching our vocabulary and giving a deeper meaning to our everyday conversations.

Inspiration for artists, writers and filmmakers

From sculpture to modern literature, classical mythology has been an inexhaustible source of inspiration for creators of all ages. Masterpieces such as Homer’s ‘The Odyssey’, sculptures of divine figures and films such as ‘Troy’ or ‘300’ capture the essence of these millenary legends, keeping alive their relevance in today’s culture.